A National Emergency

Because....

Section 1.  National Emergency.  As President of the United States, my highest duty is ensuring the national and economic security of the country and its citizens.  

I have declared a national emergency arising from conditions reflected in large and persistent annual U.S. goods trade deficits, which have grown by over 40 percent in the past 5 years alone, reaching $1.2 trillion in 2024.  This trade deficit reflects...

Is that an emergency? We had a National Emergency already because there was too much immigration. Presidents like National Emergencies because they can assume extra powers. 

Tariffs are hated by all economists and journalists, but I do note that some things were better before we started eliminating them. I supported NAFTA because the logic of the free trade argument made sense to me at the time. In 1998, though, I was working for the Unions in Savannah and really got to see the good they did for workers. Then I watched them dry up and die — not quite all, but all across the South. IBEW and the Boilermakers still exist around the port, but so many went away.

It was a pipeline for the poor from the swamp to ordinary middle-class prosperity. We gave it away for cheap goods from Mexico, which soon enough became cheap goods from China. Chinese control over so many of our basic goods has become, if not quite an emergency, a serious national security concern.

UPDATE: A play for all the marbles. 

UDPATE: A helpful graph of US tariff rates, which shows that we are at an all time, historic low. (H/t Wikipedia).

These new tariffs put us right back in the historic norm. It's only been in the post-WWII world that we've kept the rates so low, trading away our industry for the goods of free trade.

Why Philosophy?

A rant, it claims, but also a good essay.  

He quotes Aristotle differently than I would.  Aristotle agreed that the higher forms of philosophy were useless, because to be useful is to be useful for something else. The very highest things we pursue for their own sake, not because it will get us to some lesser goal. You should aspire to strive for useless things, so high and fine that you would never trade them for anything else. 

That's some mole

I'm at a loss to imagine how this guy got out of Iran alive. I remember that he was under suspicion in Iran at the time of Nasrallah's death. How he escaped with his life then, and how he got out now, I can't even imagine. How utterly demoralizing for Iran.

A Spring Vista

Conan and Stick, Among the Daffodils

He goes through a stick every day. The whole place is covered with splinters. Somehow he doesn’t get them in his gums. 

Gotta Give Him This One

Via Whiskeyriff, a man in Georgia was arrested for leaving his kids to play at the McDonald's playground while he went to a job interview.

Chris Louis was arrested on March 22 after leaving his three kids, including a 1-year old, 6-year old and a 10-year old, unattended at a McDonald’s (which had a playplace, by the way) while he went to a job interview.

Louis reportedly dropped the kids off after walking them to McDonald’s from his apartment, and returned to check on them before leaving again. He then returned to find police waiting for him, and was arrested for deprivation of a minor.

But the internet is rallying behind the father of 3, arguing that he was forced to make a tough decision while simply trying to get a job to provide for his kids.

As many of the comments pointed out, he left them in a place with air conditioner, a bathroom, and adults nearby who could help in case of an emergency, as opposed to simply leaving them alone at his apartment. And while some people were uneasy with the idea of leaving the 1-year old behind, they pointed out that he was forced to make a tough decision in order to try to get a job, and that the 10-year old was old enough to take care of the infant for a short period of time.

It's definitely not ideal, but a crime? The story points out that the 10-year-old was born when the man was 14, just a boy, and here he is ten years later still trying to support his kids. 

Sometimes 'as good as it gets' has to be good enough. It's a hard world. 

Requiescat in Pace Val Kilmer

Without a doubt his most famous and enduring role was as Georgia-born gunslinger "Doc" Holliday in Tombstone. 

However, I particularly loved the performances in Willow. He and his beautiful female opposite in this movie went on to marry in real life and had two children. 

I don't know what to say about a man who played many parts, but about whom I know nothing of himself. Fortunately, E. M. Burlingame -- a fellow Small Wars Journal alumnus --  wrote a poem about it that is worthy.

I Had No Idea 'Star Wars' Was Based on a Norse Saga

 

Remarkable!

Owens Gap

No smoke plume today from the huge Table Rock fire. The storm must have helped. 

Clear skies.

Blindness

A commenter at Althouse responds to a post about art museums:

"Museums, monuments, and public institutions should be spaces where these stories are held with care, not suppressed for political convenience."

A lot easier to do, when so many of the monuments you don't like have already been torn down.

Yes, exactly. So much of this stuff that is arguably wrong from first principles is being done because those principles were already violated by the other side. Somehow they can't see that they did it first, emphatically and regularly. 

That doesn't make it right. There's a sense in which it is fair, because 'turnabout is fair play.' Getting them to at least recognize that they started the ball rolling might help, but how do you do that?

Democracy

I and some friends were asked to test the quality of Egypt's 2018 election. The election was scrupulously fair, down to the maintenance of unbroken, numerically-keyed locks on the ballot boxes. Both the army and the police watched over each polling station as they didn't trust each other. 

They could afford a fair election because they'd removed all the opposition candidates from the ballot beforehand. The only choice except Sisi was his friend who, as a campaign promise, said he'd withdraw if elected and endorse Sisi instead.

We're getting that way in Europe. We almost were that way here, last time around. It's getting dark out there. 

No Third Terms

At least half of what the current administration is doing is highly praiseworthy: the DOGE inquiries into unconstitutional/evil spending, waste, fraud, and so forth; the desire to craft peace out of the bloodbath in Ukraine; the move to shrink the Federal government substantially. 

Some other things are not: the police state tactics, masked Federal agents arresting people off the street, foreign prisons that violate the 8th Amendment, censorship of disfavored words. These are not in line with America's best traditions and deserve outright condemnation. Insofar as we have any power -- one of the dearest fantasies of Americans is that we have some sort of power over the Federal government apart from the occasional elections -- they deserve our opposition.

A third class of things is both at once: bringing in aggrieved non-experts to run agencies is a necessary breath of fresh air, but will inevitably lead to amateur errors because amateurs are employed. They're not bad people, but we have to expect mistakes. That's ok, but there will be errors. 

Two things so far are clearly wrong, at least to me. The desire to take over Gaza from Israel reminds me of nothing more than JFK's decision to take over Vietnam from the French; that's not our fight and we shouldn't want any part of the decades of war it would entail. There should be no third terms, not for anyone. Washington's standard should hold.

That's how it looks to me, at least, so far.

This Is a Song about

Um ...

Can I get an amen?

I heard the optics were great!

This is possibly how I'll go, unless they collapse on me in an earthquake.

A Magic Sword

USMC veteran Jackson Dodd has purchased the sword that was, reportedly, at one time responsible for 80% of Marine enlistments. 

You probably know the one. 

The sword is eight and a half pounds, which is insanity. Even the two-handed swords in Albion's museum line don't cross three and a half. One of them is two and a half, which is in line with my experience training in historical European martial arts. All that decorative heraldry built into the hilt, I imagine. 

Bluegrass and the Byrds

 …and Dylan. I assume Earl Scruggs is known to everyone here, but if not meet him now. 

Boom Boom

Gee, I wonder why schools are a mess?

My neighbors, lovely, smart, kindly people, are trying to persuade us to try out Netflix's new series "Adolescence." A sentence or two into the description we were doubtful. It's a mockumentary about a 13-year-old UK schoolboy who kills a schoolgirl. The show immediately shocks some audience members by portraying a school in complete chaos. What could be the cause of this collapse? I hope I won't ruin the suspense by revealing that the culprit is social media. Apparently neither parents nor schools have any power to detach children from the pernicious influence of the outside culture.

I'm sure if either parents or teachers made any attempt to turn off the phones, even during class, they'd be brought up on hate crime charges.

My verdict: for decades now the schools have been in the control of crazy people, and kids need to get sprung out of them. It would be bad enough if all that was happening was mission creep, so the eternally and rapidly ballooning budget was only eaten up by all the non-education goals, such as adult employment programs, babysitting, and political indoctrination of captive audiences. But increasingly the kids not only don't get an education, and not only have their time wasted and their intellectual dignity assaulted, but they also are lucky to survive without serious injury.

Brewing in Iran

Her grandfather made his own beer from things he grew in his garden. Her family helped her reconstruct it in Georgia. 

Reminds me of the talk about the date wine that used to be popular in what is now Iraq. 

Just a Little Red Tape

This video, which you may have seen elsewhere, explains why there's no broadband yet in spite of years of government machinery turning. 

Enormous red tape in the bush.

UPDATE: A DOGE interview. A summary.

For me the take away quote is, "We're talking about elementary financial controls that are necessary for any company to function. If a commercial company operated like the Federal government, it would immediately go bankrupt, it would be delisted, and the officers would be arrested."

Reflections

A series of cartoons by the AI about itself.  

I hope there's not really a consciousness there. We are making a tortured thing.

UPDATE: Some further insight.

Group Chats

Hercules

Manual steering on that monster. It'll be fun pushing it around these mountain roads.

Hasn't even been started for years and years. Got it going today. Needs brake pads.

Sin

Yesterday I heard someone say, "Sin feels like freedom until you try to stop." 

That's a thought that has stuck with me.

Fire Season

Ever since the hurricane blew down millions upon millions of trees in Western North Carolina, we've known that the drying wood would create substantial wildfire hazard. Much of it is in inaccessible regions, and there aren't adequate resources even to clean up populated regions -- there's been very limited government response, both state and federal, though the locals have done yeoman work. Wildfire is going to happen sooner or later, unless we get a very wet few years that eventually reduces it to rotting wood. 

Right now all of the evacuation zones are on the other side of I-26 from me. It's a pretty good firebreak, being a wide concrete interstate.  I saw that Montana has sent us some firefighting aircraft, for which I am grateful. I imagine they will be staged at AVL airport, very near to the evacuation zone. UPDATE: They are staging out of Chattanooga. Big lake there. 

Locally to me we rolled on two fires yesterday, but neither of them got out of control. There's a statewide ban on outdoor burning here and in South Carolina as well. This morning our local Emergency Management team went to Readiness Plan 5, which is their highest level of staffing in expectation of trouble.

UPDATE:

Just across the border in South Carolina, there's a mandatory evacuation zone too.

A Quick Word on Signal

I've used Signal for years and years for unclassified information that was very sensitive. It's not thought to be unbreakable -- probably NSA can break it -- but it is managed by IT/privacy experts who seem to be genuinely committed. There's no suggestion here that Signal itself failed at all; the failure was, as is usual in espionage, on the human side. Somebody let a reporter in, either by accident or on purpose. 

Apparently the Biden administration thought Signal was OK for coordinating about stuff that was classified, as long as the classified stuff was kept on the high side (i.e. in airgapped networks like SIPR and JWICS). In my day, as the old timers say, we never did that. Any discussion of classified information was treated as needing to be kept on the high side.

Occasionally you'd draft a document on a SIPR computer that was really meant to be unclassified, and want to move it to the regular internet so you could send it to people. The only authorized way to do that was to save it to a CD-ROM, by itself, transfer it, and then break the CD-ROM. You were never allowed to connect even a thumb drive to the SIPRnet for transferring files between it and non-airgapped computers connected to the regular internet.

SECDEF Hegseth is younger than me -- which is amazing to me -- but his service was in the right period to have come up with all that same stuff. Why he felt comfortable putting out flight times for combat sorties on Signal is unknown to me; the fact that the CIA/National Security apparatus had apparently endorsed Signal during the Biden administration may have been instructive. 

There seems to have been no harm done, and it's a good opportunity to learn from the mistake and tighten up their shot group on Operational Security. Mistakes happen. You can't freak out about every one of them, but you should learn from every one of them. 

Luxury Mediation

I’m sure it’s not all like this, but DOGE cracked at least one nut. 

Library Security

A public library is not secure almost by definition. It is open to the public, meaning that anyone at all can expect to enter and remain more or less as long as he or she likes. It can have rules, and it can call the police to remove people who blatantly defy those rules, but it generally won't have police on the premises nor have gates or metal detectors -- certainly not out in the countryside where Sylva, NC happens to be.

“We had an incident last week, the police were called, somebody found what they thought was a gun in the restroom at the library,” Smith said. “When the deputies got there, and examined it, it was an airsoft gun. It wasn’t operable, but still that brings the question, could it have been a real gun?... What’s the danger if it had been a real gun?” Smith said. “I don’t know what kind of signage we have; I’m not saying signage would stop it.” 

I happen to know the answers to each of those questions. We all know what the dangers of real guns are, but few would leave one hidden in a public restroom for long because they are valuable. The library has signs that clearly state that no firearms nor any other weapons are permitted. Those signs can't stop anything. 

“The other issue is the cleaning crew, they clean some while the library’s open, but they clean past the time where the library’s open and they’ve had some instances where people have come out that had been hiding in the library after the library closed,” Smith said. “That presents a danger to the cleaning crew, and I think that opens up the county for lawsuits, especially if they’re our employees.”

Commissioner Jenny Hooper said “it’s suspected that a lot of that is homeless because they are doing hair dye in the sinks. I don’t think it’s easter eggs.” 

The homeless are a problem for all public spaces for which we generally lack good answers. Public libraries usually accept part of the burden of providing for the homeless, e.g., providing them with free public restrooms they can use. Relatively pleasant much of the year, the mountain regions of this state have lots of homeless in the cities -- Asheville was overwhelmed with them until the police there relatively recently decided to crack down, and the hurricane washed away the larger camps (and many of the homeless). 

Sylva, a mountain town with a nearby university that adds a strong progressive political element, has been struggling with what to do about the homeless for a while. There have been talks about adopting no-begging rules, but those have faced stiff opposition. I don't think they have any real answers to these problems. 

A Clockwork Orange

It seems like I have read this story. 

Absolute chaos struck a quiet residential street in Elm Park last night as a gang of youths believed to be armed with knives entered a primary school and began to attack other youths....

Youths were seen running from the premises in fear as the gang arrived.

One local resident saw the youths leave the school and run down the streets of Maylands Avenue. He told the Havering Daily: “It was total chaos. We saw between 40-50 youths, running through the streets. We think they had knives as they were seen dropping weapons in people’s drive ways and running away. They were attacking the police and there were so many of them that the police had to just disperse them.

”Youths,” you say? No other distinguishing characteristics, neither for the attackers nor the victims? Codpieces and bowler hats, maybe?

Youth gangs with knives wouldn’t be a problem if a certain number of responsible adults had firearms. Disarming the citizens leaves them vulnerable. 

Old Crow Medicine Show

These boys put on a great concert tonight. It was supposed to have been at the 50th anniversary Mountain Heritage Festival on September 29th of last year. That turned out to be two days after Hurricane Helene.

They came tonight instead, and played a great set. It included BobWills music, country music, and old Appalachian music. This included Cindy, a song they date to 1924 from here in Jackson County, North Carolina. I'm not sure about that attribution (and neither is Wikipedia); I didn't catch the name of the woman they claimed to have first recorded it, as a kind of proto-Dolly Parton. But here it is from 1959, with John Wayne, Dean Martin, Walter Brennan and Ricky Nelson.

They also did Cocaine Habit, which I didn't think they would since it was on a college campus -- Western Carolina University. It's a song I like because it features in Hells Angels Forever, the great 1983 documentary about the motorcycle club, performed by Elephant's Memory. 

They finished their main set with Wagon Wheel, written by one of their number; it's a very popular song locally as it mentions several local landmarks. The geography of it is dubious, though. A rider will recognize some problems with the lay of the land in the song.

But let's not dwell on that. It was a great show by a personable band who was very interested in the culture. They moved cheerfully from bluegrass to honky-tonk, adding in piano or swapping to accordion when necessary. At one point they had three fiddles going. They played Texas two-step music with equal ease. A grand evening, much appreciated.

Venison Adovada

Adovada is an ancient way of preserving meat with chilies. I found some that I’d made a while ago and then frozen after we’d eaten on it for a few days. It was made with pork, but I decided to cook venison in it instead. This was a fantastic decision: the spicy broth is an excellent companion to big game. I cooked it in the pressure cooker, ensuring great tenderness. 

It’s a simple recipe. About two-three fistfuls of New Mexican red chilies, garlic (as much as you like), oregano and two diced onions. Add black pepper or hotter chilies as well if you want, or alternatively just increase the concentration of New Mexico peppers to make it stronger. Boil together and purée. If you’re not using a pressure cooker, that’s fine; pour the chili sauce over two or three pounds of the meat and let it marinate overnight in the fridge. Then chop up any additional vegetables you want— potatoes are traditional, yellow squash works well — and braise in the chili sauce (plus additional water/stock/beer if needed to cover the meat -- I used chicken stock this time) for two hours. After that, salt to taste. 

It's good eaten as a stew if you break up the meat, or pulled out for tacos or burritos. 

A Saturday Night Romance

Rollin’ On

Happy Birthday Jerry Reed

The late, great Snowman was born this day 1937.

A Brief Lesson in Logic

The SEP just updated their page on the concept of negation; this diagram is from the entry. While I was reviewing it I noticed that while most of it is straightforward, the concept of "subcontraries" is probably not well known. 

Some notes on the symbols: ◻ and ◊ are modal operators, meaning "necessarily" and "possibly" respectively. ϕ is just a Greek letter, Phi, which is commonly used in logic to represent any given proposition. ¬ is the symbol for negation. Thus, in the top left corner, ◻ϕ means 'necessarily Phi,' and in the bottom right, ¬◻ϕ is 'not necessarily Phi,' whereas at the top right ◻¬ϕ is 'necessarily NOT Phi.' The triple bar equal sign is a logical biconditional, meaning that the two terms mean exactly the same thing. I imagine you can work out the rest from that. 

Traditionally, the Aristotelian relations of contradiction, contrariety, and subalternation are supplemented with an additional relation of subcontrariety, so called because the subcontraries are located under the contraries. As the contradictories of the two contraries, the subcontraries (e.g., Some pleasure is good, Some pleasure is not good) can both be true, but cannot both be false. For Aristotle, this was therefore not a true opposition, since subcontraries are “merely verbally opposed” (Prior Analytics 63b21–30). Within pragmatic theory, the assertion of one subcontrary (Some men are bald) is not only compatible with, but actually conversationally implicates, the other (Some men are not bald), given Grice’s Maxim of Quantity (“Make your contribution as informative as is required”; see the entries on Paul Grice, pragmatics, and implicature). 

The article on implicature is also interesting. 

So the contraries are "necessarily Phi" and "necessarily NOT Phi," the latter of which is equivalent to "Not Possibly Phi." The subcontraries are "Possibly Phi" and "Not Necessarily Phi," which is equivalent to "Possibly NOT Phi." 

I like the way they've graphed this relationship, because you can also see the entailments on the two vertical sides. If Phi is Necessary, it must also be possible; that one is obvious enough. And if Phi is necessarily not the case, then Phi isn't possible: that's a straight equivalence. What might not be immediately obvious to new students of logic is that "NOT Possibly" entails "Possibly not."  

Clarity of thought is improved by clear logic. Plus, it's kind of fun.

Vernal Equinox

The Spring is welcome this year. 

Sentimental & Homicidal II

I can imagine many a father taking a baseball bat to school administrators who forced their 13-year-old teenage daughter to disrobe in front of anyone who made them uncomfortable -- if only those administrators were also male. I cannot easily imagine a man who was an administrator doing what these women did, escorting young women into a changing room and making them disrobe when they were plainly uncomfortable doing so. This is probably partially because they realize that the fathers would come and kill them.

We have a longstanding cultural prohibition against men using violence on women. I strongly approve of that cultural prohibition. MMA star Ronda Rousey once refused to fight a man in her weight class because, as she rightly put it, “I don’t think it’s a great idea to have a man hitting a woman on television." There are very good reasons that we accept this limit on equality -- which is only informal and partial, since formally the law forbids men to hit other men, too, even though juries often make exceptions where it was clearly appropriate.

The formal structures seem to endorse, rather than brake, this kind of conduct from credentialed 'administrators.' That's a problem for which we have no good cultural solutions. 

Up the Militia

From The Federalist:

You’d never know it from watching television, but civilians stop more active shooters than police and do so with fewer mistakes, according to new research from the Crime Prevention Research Center, where I serve as president. In non-gun-free zones, where civilians are legally able to carry guns, concealed carry permit holders stopped 51.5 percent of active shootings, compared to 44.6 percent stopped by police, CPRC found in a deep dive into active shooter scenarios between 2014 and 2023.

Not only do permit holders succeed in stopping active shooters at a higher rate, but law enforcement officers face significantly greater risks when intervening. Our research found police were nearly six times more likely to be killed and 17 percent more likely to be wounded than armed civilians.

They do it for free, too. Voluntarily.  

The Sentimental and the Homicidal

This is from Commentary, so you won't be surprised by the pro-Israel language; but that's not what I want to talk about. I'm interested in the critique of sentimentalism, and how it dovetails with the embrace of homicidal impulses.

The poshlost* comes in the form of poetry, too. One Palestinian poet writes:

With clean hands,

he gently sifts the flour,

and adds a handful of yeast.

He pours the warm water

for the yeast particles to live,

then rolls and kneads and rolls

and kneads the dough. 

He lets the soft mass rest.

With firm but gentle hands,

he rounds it into balls,

flattens them into shape,

and handles each one

delicately into the oven.

 Soon, perhaps in half an hour,

the bread rolls are born fresh,

healthy and browned.

The newborn breads breathe,

yet dust chokes the air,

searing gases penetrate

their thin, fragile crusts.

 On the day of their birth, a missile,

a bakery, a scattering

of zaatar, flesh, and blood.

The sentimentalism here portrays the baker as gentle and loving, nurturing: "He pours the warm water for the yeast particles to live," the poet says. He lets it rest. He is delicate in his handling. Well, yes; I make bread too. I also feed the yeast, usually with honey but sometimes with blackstrap molasses. 

A poet is allowed license, but it strikes me -- as a frequent baker -- that it would be just as legitimate to describe the act as monstrous. The yeast's whole life is enslaved to the production of gases to make the bread rise; all the nurturing is just to get the yeast to eat and excrete so that the dough will be fluffy. Meanwhile, not the missile but the oven killed the yeast: the 'newborn breads' are actually newly killed, the yeast slaughtered in its millions in the bald service of the baker's naked interest in eating leavened bread. 

Because the frame chosen is the loving, nurturing one, it masks the horror done by the same hands.

The novelist Milan Kundera, who well knew the horrors of totalitarian rule, has nicely skewered false sentimentality: “Two tears flow in quick succession. The first tear says: how nice to see children running on the grass! The second tear says: how nice to be moved, together with all mankind, by children running on the grass.” Put another way, “sentimentality is that peculiarly human vice which consists in directing your emotions toward your own emotions, so as to be the subject of a story told by yourself,” as the English philosopher Roger Scruton noted in his autobiography.

The sentimentalists are playing a double game: They are dispensing, and attracting, warm feelings and approbation for themselves and their kind, while at the same time providing cover for totalitarians and terrorists.

That is correct, as far as it goes, and we see it again and again. I have grown sadly accustomed to seeing the endorsement of murder and assassination -- against that healthcare CEO by "Luigi," against Musk, against Trump or his supporters -- by the very people I know most inclined to sentimentalist broadcasts. They would never go so far as to say "I wish someone would kill him," but they will definitely go as far as to say that it would be just, that it would be deserved, that it would be understandable. After all, those men provoke such bad feelings in their sentimental hearts. 

* Poshlost is explained in the article's beginning, and is an interesting Russian word. Zaatar is a spice/herb mix that is common in the Levant.  

News from 1948

In a remarkable top-of-the-front-page article, the New York Times somehow cites an irrelevant 1967 case and ignores the actually-relevant 1948 Supreme Court Ruling.

The issue is the deportation of the Venezuelan gangbangers under the Alien Enemies Act of 1798. The Times quotes many people who are very upset that the district judge who issued an order wasn't obeyed. The Supreme Court, however, has already issued a ruling on this very subject. It begins: 

1. The Alien Enemies Act precludes judicial review of the removal order.

So that's it. 

I admit to not liking that the Salvadoran prison these people were sent to apparently exists to do things that would violate the Eighth Amendment. I don't think the US Government should ever be allowed to violate the Constitution by getting someone else to do it for them, neither a private company nor a foreign government. This holds especially for violations of the Bill of Rights. The Declaration of Independence states definitely, and correctly, that the sole justification for establishing this or any government is to protect the natural rights of the people. They should never be in the business of looking for work-arounds to that.

That said, these aren't members of 'the people,' weren't here in accord with our laws, and have no claim to belong here. They aren't refugees, but the people that refugees were fleeing who followed them here to continue to dominate and exploit them. Their claim to the protection of the laws is only as good as the Devil's in the famous quote from A Man for All Seasons: just because we have to set strong guards against the government getting out of hand.

In any case, the highest court in the land has already ruled on this issue. You can challenge whether there is a real state of war or invasion in court; you can't review the removal order.

Honor & The Quiet Man

A useful essay on the great and most worthy subject of honor, from The Art of Manliness. 

We usually watch The Quiet Man on St. Patrick’s Day. This year we didn’t happen to do, but we did last year. I agree with the basic argument of the piece that the movie is about an American learning how to deal with the ancient sense of honor. There was quite a lot of that in Iraq, too. 

There’s an advantage to the American honor: it’s closer to Aristotle’s virtue of magnanimity. Because it is true to its own sense of what conduct is most worthy of honor, it shapes a character that pursues the best things for themselves. That ends up earning quite a bit of respect, which is the honor in the ancient sense that the article discusses. American Magnanimity is ultimately what carries the day in the movie. 

More Spam Comments

Google continues to mark perfectly good comments by welcome regulars as spam. I just restored a bunch of them.

Welcome Home, Wayfarers

I have reflected frequently over the last nine months on how difficult it must have been for our stranded astronauts. Now they are home, thanks to SpaceX. 

PFC Ira Hayes, USMC

In their rush to comply with the order to eliminate all DEI materials, the Pentagon apparently deleted references to Ira Hayes on their website. 

No matter. We remember him, and honor him, regardless of what the government does. Johnny Cash made sure he'll never be forgotten.

St Patrick Cartoons

Steak & Guinness Pie

A traditional St. Patrick’s Day treat. 

Reagan’s St. Patrick’s Day Joke

A little humor from the former President. 

The Feast of St. Patrick

Giving Unto Caesar

There is an interesting question buried beneath this dispute. It hails from Mark 12:17.

It's worth putting into context.

Later, they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians to catch Jesus in His words. “Teacher,” they said, “we know that You are honest and seek favor from no one. Indeed, You are impartial and teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar or not? Should we pay them or not?”

But Jesus saw through their hypocrisy and said, “Why are you testing Me? Bring Me a denarius to inspect.” So they brought it, and He asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

“Caesar’s,” they answered.

Then Jesus told them, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”

And they marveled at Him.

That last line is important. It's translated sometimes as them being "amazed," or that they "greatly marveled." The answer in other words is not meant to be simple, but amazing or marvelous. Which, by the way, refutes the quip made by one side to the Twitter discussion: "Whenever someone writes five paragraphs to try to avoid the very plain meaning of a verse I know I've won the argument." Hardly. You haven't even begun to understand the argument. 

The discussion is among Jews of a particularly philosophical and religious bent. In that context, what does it mean to say "whose image is this?" 

One answer is the one they give: It's Caesar's image, so perhaps it belongs to Caesar.

Another answer in the tradition, however, is that all men are made in God's image. So whose image is it really? 

It's possible to go further than that. Because this object is currency, its value is partially (sub)created by Rome. Like Job's brave horse, men did something to bring out or perfect a quality that was only potential in the natural. The denarius was a silver coin, but because it was stamped by Rome it could be traded freely without anyone bothering to measure its weight. That convenience made it more valuable than, say, Viking hacksilver. 

The silver was not made by Rome, though. Its nature and value arise from God's work: all its properties, but also all of our properties that make silver's properties valuable to us, those are things we did not make. 

Ultimately the only part of the coin that Caesar might reasonably claim is this idea that the coin is worth something. That's the thing that you should give back to Rome, maybe. Give them back the idea that they've added anything, or that their money or the order they represent is worth something to you. The rest belongs to God.

To God, and not to you: certainly not to the state. Jesus' quite challenging teaching is that you should give up all these physical things. They aren't important, he says over and over. A man might even leave his dead father unburied, give away all his family wealth, and instead devote his life to God. That teaching is far more challenging than "Pay your taxes." 

Three-hour tour

SpaceX could have rescued these guys a while back, but for the spite of the Biden administration. They were awfully happy to see their rescuers arrive at last.

Back to Hank

Readying for Better Weather

During the spring oil changes, I swapped out the timing cover...

...and the Derby cover, since I had to remove it anyway to do the primary fluid.

Very soon now those dawns will be right.

Georgia Warhorse

Canadian Freedom

Courtesy of the USA, of course. Their government wasn't going to loosen regulations if left to its own devices.

Berry Diversity in North America

A pretty neat series of maps. 

Anabasis XXV: Conclusion

There's only one more adventure related to us by Xenophon in his account of his time with the Ten Thousand -- which, by the way, is estimated to have shrunk to just over half that size by this point. It's a relatively small-scale battle involving only a few hundred men, which occurred while they were awaiting their new Spartan commander Thibron and his larger force of which they were to become a quasi-independent subordinate command.

Following a sacrifice to Zeus in his aspect as the giver of wealth, which an oracle tells Xenophon he has been neglecting, the nearly-broke Xenophon finally receives some rewards for his efforts. Friends even buy back the horse he had to sell, which is good because his campaigns are not finished. They then go to Pergamon in what is now Turkey, where their hostess Hellas suggests they capture a Persian warlord and his household while they wait for the main army. Omens suggest that this will be the source of further rewards. 

Xenophon takes about three hundred men on the raid. He encounters an enemy that turns out to be fortified in a tower that is described as eight brick-layers thick. In an overnight assault, Xenophon's men break through the tower but are unable to seize the occupants who are well-armed and defended. Fearing themselves near rout due to injury and exhaustion, they form up into the hollow-square formation they used on a much larger scale in Persia and retreat with captured cattle and members of the household who were caught outside (mostly slaves I gather). 

However, this assault provoked the warlord and his family to decamp from the fortification. Intending to evacuate the area, they were instead captured by the main army of Thibron now arriving. Xenophon is awarded his choice of the captured wealth of this man and his family given that his raid was the proximate cause of the easy capture. Xenophon takes his choice and generously distributes it among his friends and supporters who have fought with him for so long. 

The book closes with Xenophon's yielding of command to Thibron, who takes the whole force to battle their old enemy Tissaphernes.

That is the last thing we learn from Xenophon about his time with the Myriad. There are a few other sources for what happened during that period, and for what happened afterwards, but for the next five years we really don't know what Xenophon was doing. Many assume he spent the whole period in Spartan service given what we know of his success, life, and position afterwards. He may have stayed with his old companions for a long time; he may have been one of the last of them still in service when he gained a new friend the Spartan King Agesilaus with whom Xenophon shared mutual admiration and support.

Despite the traditional secrecy fostered by the Spartiates, the reign of Agesilaus is particularly well-known thanks to the works of his friend Xenophon, who wrote a large history of Greece (the Hellenica) covering the years 411 to 362 BC, therefore extensively dealing with Agesilaus' rule. Xenophon furthermore composed a panegyric biography of his friend, perhaps to clean his memory from the criticisms voiced against him. Another historical tradition—much more hostile to Agesilaus than Xenophon's writings—has been preserved in the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia, and later continued by Diodorus of Sicily. Moreover, Plutarch wrote a biography of Agesilaus in his Parallel Lives, which contains many elements deliberately omitted by Xenophon.

It was Agesilaus who established Xenophon with the estate near Scillus that he mentioned earlier in the Anabasis as a pleasant place with all sorts of game. With the goodwill of the Spartans who, for the moment, controlled this region, he can enjoy the good life and have time to become the prolific writer that he did. In the introduction to the Warner edition I have been reading, George Cawkwell writes:

Like the typical Peloponnesian gentleman, he looked to Sparta as the inspiration of the good life, and sent his sons there for the best education that he deemed Greece could offer; he visited the city at its chief festivals; he was entertained by Agesilaus, meeting in his company along with other aristocratic clients.... At the Olympic festival, he was well placed to return hospitality, and we may picture him and his guests nodding sage approval of the Panhellenic speeches.... Altogether it was a time of happiness, and of leisure to reflect and to begin to write. [Xenophon, The Persian Expedition, trans. Rex Wagner (London & New York: Penguin Books, 1972), 15.]

The Anabasis was not his most famous book anywhere near his lifetime. His works pertaining to Agesilaus had more interest to his contemporaries, as did his work on horsemanship. His Education of Cyrus was far more famous during the Roman period; Caesar was said to keep a copy with him. His accounts of Socrates have been of more interest to philosophers throughout the times during which we have had access to them. The Anabasis' fame may chiefly arise, in fact, from the period when every educated man had to learn to read Classical Greek: it is fairly straightforward grammatically, and contains an interesting story to which young men could be relied upon to devote their attention. It was thus ideal for students, generations of whom followed the Ten Thousand to "The Sea! The Sea!"

I hope you've enjoyed working through this book with me. As the winter ends and the spring brings better weather for new adventures, let us bring this series to a close.

UPDATE: For those who requested that I add the series to the sidebar, this has been done.

Blood Moon

We rose last night at two-thirty to go out and witness the totality of the Blood Moon eclipse. It was a clear night here in the mountains, with both the moon and the stars sharp in the sky. 

Free Speech Arguments

I've always believed in free speech, even very nasty speech that I personally wouldn't say or enjoy hearing. There are strong arguments for protecting even jerks who say terrible things, for example, so you'll know who the jerks who think terrible things are. It's always the jerks you are supporting in this game, in fact, because they're the ones who are going to run afoul of limits. 

Thus I appreciate this thoughtful critique of some actions that the present administration is taking that arguably are unconstitutional transgressions of the First Amendment. These are not the usual suspects for whom that administration can do no right but ever wrong; rather, they're supporters more or less who are pointing out that some of this is over the line. Not all of it, though, and they try to draw out where the lines really are or ought to be.

Grimgard

This sounds like a fun project from our friends at Grimfrost.

Anabasis XXIV

Their new employer Seuthes holds a welcoming banquet; he has cleverly seeded it with a man whose job is to solicit bribes from any wealthy men among his new charges. Xenophon is embarrassed because he doesn't really have anything to offer, but he does give a generous speech pledging friendship of himself and the army. Seuthes does manage to get a nice Persian carpet, which apparently was a thing even back then; Xenophon discusses them in other of his books as well.

Seuthes is a sensible man, and so when the Greeks propose an alteration to his usual method of night-marching he is able to see the tactical sense and agree to it. Xenophon demonstrates excellence as an officer again in their initial attack: Seuthes sends him forward with his men, and then asks why Xenophon is dismounting when speed is wanted.

When they had reached the villages, Seuthes, with about thirty troopers, rode up, exclaiming: "Well, Xenophon, this is just what you said! the fellows are caught, but now look here. My cavalry have gone off unsupported; they are scattered in pursuit, one here, one there, and upon my word, I am more than half afraid the enemy will collect somewhere and do them a mischief. Some of us must remain in the villages, for they are swarming with human beings." "Well then," said Xenophon, "I will seize the heights with the men I have with me, and do you bid Cleanor extend his line along the level beside the villages." When they had done so, there were enclosed--of captives for the slave market, one thousand; of cattle, two thousand; and of other small cattle, ten thousand.

Seuthes burns the village and sends the plunder to market so that he can assure pay for the soldiers. This is indeed a more sensible approach to mercenaries than the ones the Spartans attempted at Byzantium!

The warning of burning the first village causes the villagers of others nearby to flee, thus obtaining for the army a winter camp with plenty of buildings and supplies. At first this seems good for the army because it is already bitterly cold: Xenophon remarks that they suddenly understood the Thracian fondness for fur caps. Yet Xenophon quickly realizes that the tactical position is poor: the enemy is not only still close, they are the experts on the structure of the encampment because they are the ones who built it. Sure enough, when the attack comes each party is led by the owner of the house being attacked. They know its layout and location perfectly. Xenophon and his men are in some peril of being burned alive as the parties set fire to the houses, but the Greeks manage to hold out long enough to be rescued by the cavalry.

The man who was sent to sell off the plunder returns, but only has enough to pay for twenty days' pay rather than the full month owed. He and Xenophon clash over this, and he afterwards begins slandering Xenophon (so we are assured by Xenophon!) to Seuthes. This causes a chilly relationship between Xenophon and Seuthes. The soldiers also begin to be irritated with Xenophon as they are not getting any more pay at this time.

Yet the expedition is going very well. Seuthes' basic goal is to recapture his family's old country for himself, and people are coming and pledging loyalty to him just as he desired. The army is quite successful. The only problem is what to do with them now that they've served their purpose. 

Lo and Behold, some Spartan emissaries arrive with a solution to that problem. Tissaphernes, whom you will remember as the Persian leader who murdered the Ten Thousand's first generals and led the Persian pursuit of them all the way into Kurdistan, has been appointed Satrap of Cyrus' old satrapy. That territory borders the Greek world, and runs up against the part controlled by the Spartans. They want to hire the Myriad to go to war with him. 

Initially Seuthes and his advisors thinks this is a great way to get rid of the army without paying them, but that doesn't work. The offer does provoke a dramatic dispute between Xenophon and his soldiers, but in the end he convinces them to stay and fight for their money before taking any Spartan job. The plundering of this newly-won land quickly produces enough upset among Seuthes' new citizens to convince him to pay up after all. The army is delighted to receive their back wages -- which they had definitely earned, since they fully succeeded in their mission -- and now has a new job.

Requiescat in Pace “Patch”

My friend “Patch” has died. He was a former member of the Outlaws MC turned Harley mechanic. His nickname arose from a missing eye, which he often covered in piratical fashion. 

I liked and respected him. He was a good man as well as a skilled mechanic. I respected his skill at fabrication, which is an area of mechanics that I admire because it is so much more difficult than simply replacing parts. He could machine you something that worked, and worked perfectly. 

Nor would he accept even reasonable compensation for this skill. I always had to argue with him to get him to take more than he asked, because ‘a workman is worthy of his hire,’ and I couldn’t have worked his miracle with any amount of time. He was always offering to take ‘twenty bucks’ or something like that for spending hours of his time turning something out. 

He was a good man and husband. He celebrated his turn to the latter life, which he felt was better than his youth. 

A man of honor. 

Christianity and Foreign Affairs

Two articles today that sort of tread the line on AVI's 'news or not' division. The first one is not really news, but a meditation on how St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas guide US grand strategy. It calls for a grand strategy of "Justice, Fortitude, Restraint and Temperance." 

The second article is a little more newsy because it looks at some present-day applications from the same perspective. What duties do Christians have towards the Christians being massacred in Syria and elsewhere right now? 

“Involvement does not mean military,” contended Perkins. “I don’t believe we should be sending our troops everywhere. But, as you pointed out, there are other means.”

“I would be in the front line of arguing that the neoliberal interventionism that had so possessed the United States over the course of the last 40 or 50 years — it has proved itself to be unworkable,” Mohler granted. “Our massive investments of blood and treasure all over the world, in causes that we declared won, only to have them lost again, are a grave warning against believing that we can just make our will [happen] wherever we want it around the world.”

Sadly -- tragically -- accurate as a pragmatic assessment of the last decades.  

Anabasis XXIII

Once the riot has been quelled and discipline restored, Xenophon tries to make peace with the governing authorities of Byzantium. They are not quite sure what to do with him. Finally they agree to let him come inside the town, with a view towards leaving the army and sailing home.

The army begins to break up, some men selling their arms and returning home as well. Some of the generals try to convince it to remain under new orders, either to go to Seuthes (who had bribed two of the generals, one with a horse and one with a woman) or to serve the Spartans (here "Lacedaemonians," which I assume you all know is another name for the Spartans and the root of our word 'laconic'). 

A historical note not made clear in the text: these events coincide with the end of the Spartan year, which was in the autumn, and thus there are some changes of office about to happen. Byzantium will get a new governor and admiral, for example, and they have different ideas about the Ten Thousand. Likewise, whatever remains of the army will have to find a place to winter. There are also about to be changes in the leadership of the Persians whose territory begins, as you will recall, not all that far away: Cyrus had been in charge of the satrapy bordering the Greek world.

The new Spartan governor of Byzantium begins selling former soldiers of Cyrus' into slavery. Xenophon suggests that members of the Ten Thousand may have been sold, but it isn't clear if he means all four hundred he mentions were of the Ten Thousand, or if other soldiers of Cyrus' old territories had come to Byzantium seeking refuge from the Persian King. 

The former Spartan admiral Anaxibius, finding himself cut off from support now that he no longer possesses a powerful office, summons Xenophon and gives him command of a warship and a letter of authority to retake command of the Ten Thousand. Anaxibius had been pleased to see them breaking up while he was an admiral, but now he would like to pull as many of them as possible back together to serve his own interests. Xenophon agrees, and the army celebrates his return. Xenophon begins trying to get them shipped across to Asia for their new contract.

The new Spartan admiral, whose name is Aristarchus, tells Xenophon that by no means will he allow this, and in fact will sink any ships that try to transport the Ten Thousand anywhere. 

Xenophon conducts a sacrifice whose victims apparently conveyed a way for him to get his army to Seuthes after all. Exactly how this worked is a little mysterious. Seuthes' army is nearby, also in need of a winter camp. They link up with Xenophon and the Myriad, and Seuthes and Xenophon plus their aides de camp have a celebration of friendship (i.e. they drink together as is customary, the text says in Thrace, but indeed for soldiers almost everywhere and in every era). 

Seuthes proposes to employ the Ten Thousand in trying to restore his family domain from another family that had conquered it. He promises the Ten Thousand a home in this country if they will help him regain his own command of it.

Aristarchus offers a counterproposal that they fight for him in forcing their way to "the sacred mountain" (you may think of Olympus, but it's more likely Mount Ida in what is now Turkey). The army discusses the two, asks some questions of Seuthes, and then votes to back Seuthes' effort on the strength of logistical concerns: he has the ability to help them winter before the campaign, knowing the location of many places where they can obtain resources for their army as well as his own.

We are coming to the end of this story.

* The online translation describes the Byzantine reaction to a proposal from Xenophon as them being "at sixes and sevens," as opposed to the Warner translation which merely says they are "split up into a number of hostile camps." This is not at all a Greek phrase, but does date to at least Geoffrey Chaucer and has an interesting history.

Black Danes & White Danes

In the British Isles, sometimes the Vikings were categorized as “White Danes” or as “Black Danes.” Unlike the monks who were subjected to a similar categorization scheme by the color of the robes their Order wore, the Vikings were assigned the color based on whether they tended to be blue eyed and light haired (and thus from Norway) or dark haired and eyed (and this from Denmark). 

It turns out that the White Danes were much more violent. At least this seems to be the case if measured by extrajudicial killings. Presumably this was because Norway was lawless for longer, quite a bit longer in places. The government killings don’t count. 

Social Workers and Police

You almost certainly remember the stories from back in 2020 about 'defunding the police' and replacing them with social workers -- or, in a more sober form, maybe putting some resources into having social workers who would be able to assist with certain kinds of calls. 

Locally, some of our small towns have been trying a version of that. The police aren't being defunded at all, and the social workers are college student interns or grad students from the local university. It is, however, working pretty well. They don't send the social worker instead of police, but rather on some kinds of calls a cruiser where a social worker volunteer is riding along is the one selected to respond.

Likewise, Chief David Adams said he was initially skeptical about having a social worker responding to calls when the conversation hit the mainstream in 2020; however, he admitted that he’s been “pleasantly surprised.” Despite his initial apprehension, Adams called the Sylva police chief to see how the program was working over there. When he heard how well things were going, he became intrigued and got onboard.  

Now, not only is [social worker Kasey] Curcio viewed as a valuable asset for the department, another social work intern from WCU, Tom Hines, is doing his internship with WPD and is also excelling.

It's an encouraging story, and another demonstration of how voluntary citizen non-coercive approaches can improve things. By coincidence that removes the tension around departments worrying about being 'de-funded,' and instead allows them to embrace the change rather than resisting it or feeling threatened by it.

By All Means Raise Chickens

We've got quite a few eggs at a time when eggs and egg prices are problems for many Americans.

The high point of the collection.

The reason is that my wife decided to take up raising chickens as a hobby. I was unsure about this but, as usual when my uncertainty conflicts with her determination, she got her way. For a long time I really didn't love the chickens, especially the screaming roosters (which I took satisfaction in killing and eating). However, the eggs have really won me over. I now regard at least the hens as welcome additions to our little enclave on the mountain. Even the current rooster isn't so bad, because I know he produces more hens to replace the old ones as they stop laying. 

The Washington Post doesn't like the idea, though, because they associate it with the (second?) most hated person in their world. "No harm, no fowl: Trump recommends a return to subsistence farming."

“How do we solve for something like this?” Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins asked on Fox News. “People are sort of looking around and thinking, ‘Wow, maybe I could get a chicken in my backyard,’ and it’s awesome.”

In no universe does it make economic sense for every American household — many of whom live in urban areas or even suburbs where it’s illegal to keep live poultry — to start farming their own food. The fact that we humans don’t have to spend all our time growing our own sustenance, and can instead specialize in other fields where we’re more productive, is a tremendous victory for our species.

Our post-agrarian society has allowed Americans to lead richer, healthier, longer, more leisure-filled lives. There’s a reason politicians a century ago promised “a chicken in every pot,” not a “chicken in every yard.”... 

It actually makes perfect sense for as many Americans as practical to begin raising some of their own food. In World War II we called that "Victory Gardens." In fact, we had one here during COVID that was quite large.

One of three raised beds; I was building a stone walkway when this was taken.

Our farming efforts have shrunk a bit since then, but it was a perfectly sound idea and even a very defensible public policy. It's a surge capacity Americans have used frequently in the past to get through hard times.

“Homesteading influencer” content might be trendy on social media, but surely the way to Make America Great Again does not involve having everyone raise their own livestock, log their own forests and galvanize their own steel wire. But that is, perhaps, the logical conclusion of Trump’s lifelong fixation with autarky, the idea that an economy should not engage in trade and instead be self-sufficient.

If countries should be economically self-supporting, why not states? If states, why not neighborhoods? If neighborhoods, why not every man, woman and child for themselves? Between bird flu and measles and other contagions, adopting the trad-wife/prepper lifestyle might sound pretty attractive right now.

I do in fact cut my own firewood to heat my own house, grow many of the vegetables we eat in warmer weather, can sauces made from tomatoes for use in colder weather, kill my own deer and butcher it too. It's hardly subsistence farming to do that, because it's coupled with a career of the sort she's talking about. It's just a way of being a little healthier, and a little more in control of my life, and a little closer to nature. 

In fact if she reflected on it, she'd probably recognize this scheme from a source she might like better: Karl Marx. 

For as soon as the distribution of labour comes into being, each man has a particular, exclusive sphere of activity, which is forced upon him and from which he cannot escape. He is a hunter, a fisherman, a herdsman, or a critical critic, and must remain so if he does not want to lose his means of livelihood; while in communist society, where nobody has one exclusive sphere of activity but each can become accomplished in any branch he wishes, society regulates the general production and thus makes it possible for me to do one thing today and another tomorrow, to hunt in the morning, fish in the afternoon, rear cattle in the evening, criticise after dinner, just as I have a mind, without ever becoming hunter, fisherman, herdsman or critic. 

It turns out the communist society was not a necessary condition for this sort of life after all. I let the chickens out in the morning, split wood in the spring afternoon, hunt in the autumn, can in the summer, write commentaries on philosophical works in the cold winters. I'm not a professional hunter, maker of sauces, or livestock man of any kind. Occasionally I've written a book or a poem or two, but I don't make my living by it. What I do professionally is something else entirely. 

Raising chickens may or may not make sense for you, but don't let them talk you out of it if you want to -- no more than my wife let me talk her out of it! She was right about this one.