Rainer Maria Rilke Poems

The late 19th & early 20th century Austrian poet Rilke was recommended to me by a literature professor, so I gave him a try. Here are a few I thought were worthwhile. In this collection, translated by Stephen Mitchell, Rilke mostly gives us snapshots or vignettes with a single focus. His work was influential on a number of 20th century poets you might have heard of, such as Robert Bly, M. S. Merwin, and W. H. Auden.


The Panther

His vision, from the constantly passing bars,
has grown so weary that it cannot hold
anything else. It seems to him there are
a thousand bars; and behind the bars, no world.

As he paces in cramped circles, over and over,
the movement of his powerful soft strides
is like a ritual dance around a center
in which a mighty will stands paralyzed.

Only at times, the curtain of the pupils
lifts, quietly--. An image enters in,
rushes down through the tensed, arrested muscles,
plunges into the heart and is gone.


Going Blind

She sat just like the others at the table.
But on second glance, she seemed to hold her cup
a little differently as she picked it up.
She smiled once. It was almost painful.

And when they finished and it was time to stand
and slowly, as chance selected them, they left
and moved through many rooms (they talked and laughed),
I saw her. She was moving far behind

the others, absorbed, like someone who will soon
have to sing before a large assembly;
upon her eyes, which were radiant with joy,
light played as on the surface of a pool.

She followed slowly, taking a long time,
as though there were some obstacle in the way;
and yet: as though, once it was overcome,
she would be beyond all walking, and would fly.


Portrait of My Father as a Young Man

In the eyes: dream. The brow as if it could feel
something far off. Around the lips, a great
freshness--seductive, though there is no smile.
Under the rows of ornamental braid
on the slim Imperial officer's uniform:
the saber's basket-hilt. Both hands stay
folded upon it, going nowhere, calm
and now almost invisible, as if they
were the first to grasp the distance and dissolve.
And all the rest so curtained within itself,
so cloudy, that I cannot understand
this figure as it fades into the background--.

Oh quickly disappearing photograph
in my more slowly disappearing hand.


Before Summer Rain

Suddenly, from all the green around you,
something-you don't know what-has disappeared;
you feel it creeping closer to the window,
in total silence. From the nearby wood

you hear the urgent whistling of a plover,
reminding you of someone's Saint Jerome:
so much solitude and passion come
from that one voice, whose fierce request the downpour

will grant. The walls, with their ancient portraits, glide
away from us, cautiously, as though
they weren't supposed to hear what we are saying.

And reflected on the faded tapestries now;
the chill, uncertain sunlight of those long
childhood hours when you were so afraid.


The Grownup

All this stood upon her and was the world
and stood upon her with all its fear and grace
as trees stand, growing straight up, imageless
yet wholly image, like the Ark of God,
and solemn, as if imposed upon a race.

As she endured it all: bore up under
the swift-as-flight, the fleeting, the far-gone,
the inconceivably vast, the still-to-learn,
serenely as a woman carrying water
moves with a full jug. Till in the midst of play,
transfiguring and preparing for the future,
the first white veil descended, gliding softly

over her opened face, almost opaque there,
never to be lifted off again, and somehow
giving to all her questions just one answer:
In you, who were a child once--in you.

9 comments:

  1. Hm, a meditation on the ways in which industrial society keeps one alienated from the natural world. These are common to the era; but few meditate on how the natural world will kill you flat with a small error. As a Wilderness rescuer, I love the natural world for that feature, but have spent a lot of time training against it. The strenuous life, as Teddy Roosevelt said.

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  2. "The Panther"? I didn't get that out of it, but Romanticism was rife back then. It's one of several poems he wrote about animals in a French zoo. What in the poem seems like a commentary on society?

    I like all of these, but "The Grownup" is maybe the most interesting. I disliked it initially, but w/ re-reading I realized it was about the Theotokos and it reads quite differently in that light.

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  3. Not only there, no. You found something you liked here, or you wouldn't have brought it forward. What was it?

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  4. For "The Panther," I initially liked it just for the brief experience it conveys. I've also watched great cats in zoos and this seemed accurate and a good way to express the experience in words. It is well written; it's as much a pleasure to read as a it would be to see a skillfully painted picture of a panther.

    It is also layered. You can read it just for the image, or you can consider whatever panther-human connection you see. One person in the group I read these with was offended that Rilke wrote about animals in a zoo; apparently zoos are a great moral crime. I don't agree, but at the same time, I have ambivalent feelings about zoos.

    You have seen bears in the wild, and I assume you've been to a zoo. Is it more pleasurable to see a bear roaming free in the wild or a bear in a zoo? And what's best for the bear? Or is it better to ask what's best for bear-kind? Or does it even matter? If all the bears were hunted down and killed, would it matter?

    So, the writing is good, the experience seems to both accord with my own and yet make me think of my experience differently, and it seems to suggest deeper questions to think about. I also like that it doesn't force the deeper questions; you can just read it as a panther in a zoo and move on. So, I think it's a good poem.

    That's true of most of these, though not all. "The Grownup" doesn't do that for me. In fact, I go back and forth about whether I like "The Grownup." I admire all of the allusions to Mary's life and the way, at first, the poem can be opaque and then slowly reveals itself as I look at the words used and how they relate to her story. I'm not sure I understand what he is saying, though; it bears more thought. This too, I think, makes it a good poem, regardless of whether I end up liking it or not. I admire the craftsmanship.

    I have to get on with some things this morning. I'll come back to all this.

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  5. I don't know that I've seen a bear in a zoo, but I have seen many in the wild, black bears and grizzlies both. The bear in the zoo is comfortable in a way that the wild bear is never: they are driven by hunger and weather, though it is said that the grizz sometimes just sit and watch the beauty of the world: they are strong enough, perhaps, to buy themselves the leisure.

    In any case you know exactly what I think about whether they are better free or chained, and about whether I think the world is richer with them in it than otherwise. If I haven't conveyed that much about my mind, I have done a poor job here for a long time.

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  6. Yes, to that extent the questions were rhetorical. To me, the poem presents a situation that brings up these kinds of questions. The poem doesn't seem to impose any answers, though, which I appreciate, but the anti-zoo people were offended by the lack of answers, and specifically answers they agreed with -- had Rilke answered that the captivity of the panther was fine, I imagine they would have been outraged.

    On the panther and bear, we could also bring Aristotle in and consider whether the zoo is the best place for the animal to flourish. If not, then in panther or bear ethics the zoo would be unethical.

    Anyway, I've already made my main point there; the poem causes me to ask these kinds of questions without forcing any particular answer. I appreciate that.

    And I'm still curious about what in these poems brought out your thoughts that they were about alienation.

    I'll come back again later to add my thoughts on the rest of the poems.

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  7. Oh, the alienation is straightforward.

    "It seems to him there are
    a thousand bars; and behind the bars, no world."

    "Oh quickly disappearing photograph
    in my more slowly disappearing hand."

    And the whole of Before Summer Rain, which is about the loss of connection you had when you were young.

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    1. I can see that. Though, I thought "my more slowly disappearing hand" connected him with his father. His father passed away and that tells / reminds him he will, too. They'll end up together again, at least in a sense. But, yeah, they are separated now.

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  8. I think all of these are well-crafted poems, and that is worthwhile. That said, these are translations from the German and I'm sure the German is better. In German, they have a meter and rhyme as well; the rhyme was abandoned by the translator.

    "Going Blind" feels like it gives a good sense of the woman's character. Although she is going blind, she is happy and, I think, wise as well. At the end of the poem I wished she was a friend.

    "Portrait of My Father" gives a good sense of the distance that grows between us and our loved ones after they pass away. The fading of the photo is a good metaphor for memory as well. And, as I mentioned, I thought the ending lines brought the two closer again.

    "Before Summer Rain" first struck me because I love the chill of the cold front before a rain and he carries that chill through the poem. And I can identify with his childhood solitude and fear.

    I'm still thinking through "The Grownup," but I've given some idea of my thoughts above. I wouldn't have thought it was about Mary except for the Ark of God, of which Mary is a type. He wrote a lot of poems on Christian themes, though I don't know whether he was a Christian.

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